{"id":1843,"date":"2022-07-12T09:49:25","date_gmt":"2022-07-12T09:49:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/particip-action.com\/?p=1843"},"modified":"2025-05-12T10:00:48","modified_gmt":"2025-05-12T10:00:48","slug":"entre-pays-de-depart-et-pays-daccueil-le-dilemme-de-lecrivain-antillais-de-langue-francaise","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/particip-action.com\/?p=1843","title":{"rendered":"ENTRE PAYS DE D\u00c9PART ET PAYS D\u2019ACCUEIL: LE DILEMME DE L\u2019\u00c9CRIVAIN ANTILLAIS DE LANGUE FRAN\u00c7AISE"},"content":{"rendered":"

R\u00e9sum\u00e9<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nDepuis le premier tiers du XXe si\u00e8cle, la litt\u00e9rature antillaise d\u2019expression fran\u00e7aise est plut\u00f4t une litt\u00e9rature de lutte et d\u2019affirmation de soi. Elle a t\u00e9moign\u00e9 d\u2019une r\u00e9sistance farouche aux injustices du monde \u00ab\u2009blanc\u2009\u00bb et, jusqu\u2019aux ann\u00e9es quatre-vingt, son engagement au c\u00f4t\u00e9 du peuple n\u2019a jamais \u00e9t\u00e9 mis en doute. Depuis cette p\u00e9riode, on remarque qu\u2019un grand nombre d\u2019\u00e9crivains antillais se sont progressivement install\u00e9s ailleurs (surtout en France), pour des raisons, notamment \u00e9conomiques. D\u2019aucuns m\u00eame y sont n\u00e9s. Cette \u00e9volution a induit la situation suivante: les \u00e9crivains francophones vivant hors de leurs \u00eeles ne structurent plus n\u00e9cessairement leurs \u0153uvres pour le public des Antilles. Les th\u00e8mes majeurs trait\u00e9s par nombre d\u2019\u00e9crivains vivant \u00e0 l\u2019ext\u00e9rieur cherchent en effet \u00e0 r\u00e9soudre des probl\u00e8mes individuels et ne portent plus forc\u00e9ment sur des questions qui agitent leur collectivit\u00e9 d\u2019origine. Et comme ces \u00e9crivains \u00e9voluent d\u00e9sormais au carrefour de deux mondes, ils adoptent des perspectives susceptibles de plaire \u00e0 deux publics (le public antillais et celui du pays o\u00f9 ils s\u00e9journent), dont les attentes diff\u00e8rent largement. Au lieu d\u2019aborder des th\u00e8mes comme les injustices \u00e9conomiques, la dignit\u00e9 de l\u2019homme noir, l\u2019abolition des pr\u00e9jug\u00e9s raciaux, l\u2019affirmation des origines, l\u2019\u00e9crivain en exil met donc plut\u00f4t l\u2019accent sur sa place ou celle des siens dans le pays h\u00f4te, ou encore sur des sujets pouvant int\u00e9resser ce dernier. Cette absence de Martinique ou de Guadeloupe qui engendre \u00e9galement une relative incapacit\u00e9 \u00e0 concevoir clairement la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 antillaise donne naissance \u00e0 une litt\u00e9rature individualiste chez ces \u00e9crivains. En examinant cette question d\u2019individualisme, notre \u00e9tude encourage les \u00e9crivains antillais de la diaspora \u00e0 revoir leur engagement litt\u00e9raire au profit de leur terre natale. Les m\u00e9thodologies que nous comptons employer sont les approches psychanalytique et sociologique \u00e9tant donn\u00e9 que ces deux m\u00e9thodologies ont servi, de la m\u00eame fa\u00e7on, de guide \u00e0 des critiques litt\u00e9raires comme Rapha\u00ebl Lucas, L\u00e9onard Sainville, Lydie Moudileno, Daniel Delas, Dahouda Kanat\u00e9 pour ne mentionner que ceux-l\u00e0 qui ont eu leur mot \u00e0 dire \u00e0 cet \u00e9gard.<\/span>
\nMots-cl\u00e9s. Engagement, public, Ecrivains, Individualisme, Collectivit\u00e9<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Abstract<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nSince the beginning of the twentieth century, francophone Caribbean literature has rather been a literature of protest and of self-affirmation. It witnessed a vehement resistance against the injustices of the \u201cwhite man\u201d up to the 1980s, and since then, its commitment in support of the Caribbean people has never been in doubt. The high number of intellectuals and Caribbean writers have sojourned abroad (mostly to France) basically for economic reasons. None of them was born there. This led to a situation where the francophone Caribbean writers living abroad no longer necessarily structure their works to address the plight of the Caribbean person. Contrarily, major themes treated by a good number of Caribbean francophone writers living outside the islands seek to resolve individual problems instead of bringing collective issues to the front burner. Given the fact that Caribbean francophone writers living abroad have evolved over the years in between the two different worlds, they opt for themes that are directed towards the yearnings and aspirations of two different groups of readers (the francophone Caribbean readers and those of their country of residence) with divergent views. Instead of treating themes such as economic oppression, the dignity of the black Caribbean man, the abolition of racism and the past history of the blacks in the Caribbean islands of Martinique and Guadeloupe, the Caribbean writer attaches importance to themes that edify himself and his host country, or to themes that interest the latter. The francophone Caribbean writer\u2019s long duration of absence from the islands of Martinique and Guadeloupe gave rise to an individualistic literature on the part of the writers. While interrogating this question of individualism, our study encourages the Caribbean writers living in the Diaspora to reexamine their literary commitment to capture the realities of their land of birth. The critical approaches we have set out to use in this study are the psychological and sociological theories given that the said approaches played a major role for literary critics such as Rapha\u00ebl Lucas, L\u00e9onard Sainville, Lydie Moudileno, Daniel Delas, Dahouda Kanat\u00e9 just to mention a few, who have made strong statements in this regard.<\/span>
\nKeywords. Commitment, Public, Writers, Individualism, Collectivity.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 Depuis le premier tiers du XXe si\u00e8cle, la litt\u00e9rature antillaise d\u2019expression fran\u00e7aise est plut\u00f4t une litt\u00e9rature de lutte et d\u2019affirmation de soi. Elle a t\u00e9moign\u00e9 d\u2019une r\u00e9sistance farouche aux injustices du monde \u00ab\u2009blanc\u2009\u00bb et, jusqu\u2019aux ann\u00e9es quatre-vingt, son engagement au c\u00f4t\u00e9 du peuple n\u2019a jamais \u00e9t\u00e9 mis en doute. Depuis cette p\u00e9riode, on remarque […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":502,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"saved_in_kubio":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1843","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-a-r"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/particip-action.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1843","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/particip-action.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/particip-action.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/particip-action.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/particip-action.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1843"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/particip-action.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1843\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1848,"href":"https:\/\/particip-action.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1843\/revisions\/1848"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/particip-action.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/502"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/particip-action.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1843"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/particip-action.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1843"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/particip-action.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1843"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}