{"id":2013,"date":"2020-05-20T18:31:35","date_gmt":"2020-05-20T18:31:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/particip-action.com\/?p=2013"},"modified":"2025-05-20T19:02:28","modified_gmt":"2025-05-20T19:02:28","slug":"african-american-female-agency-and-racial-cohesion-in-morrisons-sula-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/particip-action.com\/?p=2013","title":{"rendered":"DE L\u2019ETHNICITE A L\u2019ISLAMISME VIOLENT : QUESTIONNER L\u2019IDENTITE DANS LES GUERRES AFRICAINES POST-GUERRE FROIDE"},"content":{"rendered":"

R\u00e9sum\u00e9<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nLes th\u00e9ories essentialistes et culturalistes ont inscrit les guerres en Afrique dans les traditions qui seraient naturellement porteuses de conflits. \u00c0 l\u2019oppos\u00e9 de ces conceptions quelque peu simplificatrices, nous sommes partis du temps long, de 1990 \u00e0 2015, pour d\u00e9montrer le caract\u00e8re labile des identit\u00e9s, leur inscription dans les conjonctures politiques, \u00e0 la fois, nationales et internationales, et leurs effets d\u00e9shumanisants. En effet, il s\u2019agit, dans cet article, d\u2019une analyse comparative des mobilisations guerri\u00e8res en Afrique de 1990 \u00e0 2015. Cette analyse comparative a permis de montrer, d\u2019abord, que la mobilisation identitaire dans les guerres en Afrique est pass\u00e9e de la pr\u00e9dominance de l\u2019ethnicit\u00e9 \u00e0 la pr\u00e9dominance de l\u2019islamisme violent. Ensuite, elle laisse voir que la labellisation identitaire fait sens au plan national et international. En clair, c\u2019est pour des questions politico-\u00e9conomiques locales que des identit\u00e9s, qui ont pourtant cohabit\u00e9 pacifiquement pendant longtemps, sont oppos\u00e9es et mobilis\u00e9es dans des r\u00e9seaux nationaux et internationaux o\u00f9 les acteurs se font mutuellement des violences physiques et symboliques et en font \u00e0 des populations innocentes. Enfin, l\u2019\u00e9tude montre que les leaders des groupes arm\u00e9s d\u00e9veloppent des id\u00e9ologies humanistes et \u00e9thiques, mais posent des strat\u00e9gies qui d\u00e9shumanisent et d\u00e9personnalisent leurs cibles en m\u00eame temps qu\u2019elles ali\u00e8nent leurs propres combattants en inhibant en eux la conscience morale et le sens de l\u2019humain.<\/span>
\nMots-cl\u00e9s : ethnicit\u00e9, islamisme, groupes arm\u00e9s, identit\u00e9, guerre, africaines, d\u00e9shumanisation, d\u00e9personnalisation<\/span><\/p>\n

Abstract<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nThe essentialist and culturalist theories inscribed wars in Africa in the traditions that carry naturaly conflicts. In contrast to these simplifying studies, my work covers a long period from 1990 to 2003 to demonstrate the changing nature of identities, their inclusion in both national and international political crisis and finally their dehumanizing effects. Indeed, in this paper, we carried out a comparative analysis of the wars mobilization in Africa from 1990 to 2015. This comparative study shows that the mobilization of identity in the wars in Africa has moved from the predominance of ethnicity to the one of violent Islamism. Then identity labeling takes on meaning both nationally and internationally. Obviously, it is for local political and economic issues that identities, which have nonetheless lived peacefully for a long time, are opposed and mobilized in national and international networks where the actors mutually inflict physical and symbolic violence and do it on innocent people. Finally, the leaders of the armed groups develop humanist and ethical ideologies but make strategies which dehumanize and depersonalize their targets groups at the same time as they alienate their own combatants by inhibiting in them the moral conscience and the sense of humanity.<\/span>
\nKeywords: ethnicity, Islamism, armed groups, identity, war, Africans, dehumanization, depersonalization<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 Les th\u00e9ories essentialistes et culturalistes ont inscrit les guerres en Afrique dans les traditions qui seraient naturellement porteuses de conflits. \u00c0 l\u2019oppos\u00e9 de ces conceptions quelque peu simplificatrices, nous sommes partis du temps long, de 1990 \u00e0 2015, pour d\u00e9montrer le caract\u00e8re labile des identit\u00e9s, leur inscription dans les conjonctures politiques, \u00e0 la fois, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":501,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"saved_in_kubio":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2013","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-a-r"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/particip-action.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2013","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/particip-action.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/particip-action.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/particip-action.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/particip-action.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2013"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/particip-action.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2013\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2033,"href":"https:\/\/particip-action.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2013\/revisions\/2033"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/particip-action.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/501"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/particip-action.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2013"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/particip-action.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2013"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/particip-action.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2013"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}