{"id":2390,"date":"2026-09-03T10:14:42","date_gmt":"2026-09-03T10:14:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/particip-action.com\/?p=2390"},"modified":"2026-09-03T10:30:10","modified_gmt":"2026-09-03T10:30:10","slug":"participaction-vol-18-n1-janvier-2026-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/particip-action.com\/?p=2390","title":{"rendered":"Volume 18. N\u00b02 \u2013 Juillet 2026"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"2390\" class=\"elementor elementor-2390\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ad208b4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"ad208b4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-49af36a elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text elementor-widget-divider--element-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"49af36a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider__text elementor-divider__element\">\n\t\t\t\tParticip\u2019Action Vol. 18- n\u00b02 \u2013 Juillet 2026\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4d7cce8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4d7cce8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;shape_divider_top&quot;:&quot;opacity-fan&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shape elementor-shape-top\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-negative=\"false\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 283.5 19.6\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\">\n\t<path class=\"elementor-shape-fill\" style=\"opacity:0.33\" d=\"M0 0L0 18.8 141.8 4.1 283.5 18.8 283.5 0z\"\/>\n\t<path class=\"elementor-shape-fill\" style=\"opacity:0.33\" d=\"M0 0L0 12.6 141.8 4 283.5 12.6 283.5 0z\"\/>\n\t<path class=\"elementor-shape-fill\" style=\"opacity:0.33\" d=\"M0 0L0 6.4 141.8 4 283.5 6.4 283.5 0z\"\/>\n\t<path class=\"elementor-shape-fill\" d=\"M0 0L0 1.2 141.8 4 283.5 1.2 283.5 0z\"\/>\n<\/svg>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1e63718\" data-id=\"1e63718\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-87610a4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"87610a4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">THE US-CUBA RELATIONS UNDER TRUMP: THE VENEZUELAN \u201cLESSON\u201d<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a7ba8ee elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a7ba8ee\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Mamadou Malal SY &amp; Koffits\u00e8 Ek\u00e9l\u00e9kana Isidore GUELLY<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-39fd1d4\" data-id=\"39fd1d4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-234e190 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"234e190\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-md elementor-animation-push\" href=\"https:\/\/particip-action.com\/?p=1467\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-far-eye\" viewBox=\"0 0 576 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M288 144a110.94 110.94 0 0 0-31.24 5 55.4 55.4 0 0 1 7.24 27 56 56 0 0 1-56 56 55.4 55.4 0 0 1-27-7.24A111.71 111.71 0 1 0 288 144zm284.52 97.4C518.29 135.59 410.93 64 288 64S57.68 135.64 3.48 241.41a32.35 32.35 0 0 0 0 29.19C57.71 376.41 165.07 448 288 448s230.32-71.64 284.52-177.41a32.35 32.35 0 0 0 0-29.19zM288 400c-98.65 0-189.09-55-237.93-144C98.91 167 189.34 112 288 112s189.09 55 237.93 144C477.1 345 386.66 400 288 400z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Abstract &amp; R\u00e9sum\u00e9<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b0cf25 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"2b0cf25\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm elementor-animation-shrink\" href=\"https:\/\/particip-action.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/New-TAP-SY-Guelly-PPA_juillet_2026-ok.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-download\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M216 0h80c13.3 0 24 10.7 24 24v168h87.7c17.8 0 26.7 21.5 14.1 34.1L269.7 378.3c-7.5 7.5-19.8 7.5-27.3 0L90.1 226.1c-12.6-12.6-3.7-34.1 14.1-34.1H192V24c0-13.3 10.7-24 24-24zm296 376v112c0 13.3-10.7 24-24 24H24c-13.3 0-24-10.7-24-24V376c0-13.3 10.7-24 24-24h146.7l49 49c20.1 20.1 52.5 20.1 72.6 0l49-49H488c13.3 0 24 10.7 24 24zm-124 88c0-11-9-20-20-20s-20 9-20 20 9 20 20 20 20-9 20-20zm64 0c0-11-9-20-20-20s-20 9-20 20 9 20 20 20 20-9 20-20z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Version PDF<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fdb1cf e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"6fdb1cf\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c684f4d elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"c684f4d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Particip\u2019Action Vol. 18- n\u00b02 \u2013 Juillet 2026 THE US-CUBA RELATIONS UNDER TRUMP: THE VENEZUELAN \u201cLESSON\u201d Mamadou Malal SY &amp; Koffits\u00e8 Ek\u00e9l\u00e9kana Isidore GUELLY Abstract &amp; R\u00e9sum\u00e9 Version PDF<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":58,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"saved_in_kubio":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[44,7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2390","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-44","category-publication"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/particip-action.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2390","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/particip-action.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/particip-action.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/particip-action.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/particip-action.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2390"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/particip-action.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2390\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2405,"href":"https:\/\/particip-action.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2390\/revisions\/2405"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/particip-action.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/58"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/particip-action.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2390"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/particip-action.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2390"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/particip-action.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2390"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}